William Hogarth was the father of both English popular painting and English caricature. In the 18th century his example was followed by Thomas Rowlandson and James Gillray and later, George Cruikshank. The Victorian age was too respectable for satire and caricature: the popular comic magazine Punch, founded in 1841, is a rich and amusing record of Victorian England, but the Punch artists, John Leech, Tenniel, Keene and George du Maurier produced realistic drawings that can hardly be considered as caricature. In the 1890s portrait caricature was revived by Max Beerbohm. Leading modem caricaturists and cartoonists include Sir David Low, Vicky, Giles, Ronald Searle, and Jack. In the 1960s the violent spirit of Gillray was revived by Gerald Scarf.