After the migration of Muhammad(sallalaho-Alaihe-wasallum) frin Makha to Medina.There in Medina inhabited by different sections of peoples.they peoples of Medina was the real faithful followers of Muhammad(SAW) who had abandoned the ties of kith and kin and followed him(SAW).they were known as MUhajireen or"Refugees".The new converts of Medina who had helped the prophet(SAW)through thick and thin we known as Ansar or "helpers".
The other communities living in Medina they were worshipers of idols and jews.
In order to creat harmony and co-operation.the prophet(SAW) first abolished the tribal distinction and grouped the inhabitants of Medina under one general name, Ansar.He(SAW) knew that goodwill and support of all the sections of peoples were necessary for the creation of an Islamic empire.He (SAW) knew that tolerance was necessary when different communities lived together,with these objectives in the mind the prophet(SAW) had formulated a chater which is generally known asMedina charter.
The charter are .....
All the communities signing the charter would from the common nationality.If any signatiry of the charter was attacked by an enemy,other would have right to defend him collectively.The muslims,the jews and other communities of this republic should be free to profess their own respective religion and perform religious ceremonies.
The importance of the charter lies in the fact that it announces the great principles of civic equality,freedom of worship and religious and racial tolerance .This principle can also seen in perspective of the creation of Pakistan.Our founder Quaid-e-Azam clearly told his peoples in 1947 at the time of creation of pakistan"you are free free to go to you temples,yiy are free to go your mosques or to any other place of worship in this state of Pakistan.you may belong to any religion,caste or creed.We are all equal citizens of one state".
In 1948,the General assembly of United nation unanimously adopted the universal declaration of Human rights. The declaration proclaims the religious,personal,civic,political.economic,social and cultural rights of human beings.The incorporation of the clauses of Medina charter in the universal declaration of human rights,by the UN shows that Islam is the greatest protector of human rights.
