The history of telecommunications has been started with smoke signals  and drums which were used for communication in Africa,America and parts of Asia.drums were used by natives in Africa ,New Guinea and south America and smoke signals in north America  and China.in 1792,a French engineer ,Claude Chappe built the first visual telegraph  system  between Lille and Paris.

 

However semaphore as a communication system suffered from the need  for skilled  operators  and expensive  towers  of only ten thirty kilometers.as a result ,the last commercial line was abandoned  in 1880.thus ,message could be conveyed electrically up to a few kilometers with each of the telegraph  receivers ‘s wires immersed  in a separate  glass tube of acid.

 

An electrical current was in order applied by sender through the various wires.representing each digit  of message .the telegraph reciever’s operator would visually observe the bubbles and could then record the transmitted message .the principal disadvantage to the system was its high-priced  cost ,due to having to manufacture  and string –up the multiple  wire circuits it employed,as opposite to the single  wire used by later telegraphs.

 

the first commercial electrical telegraph was constructed in England .it used the deflection of needles to represent messages and started operating over twenty –one kilometers  of the great western  railway  on 0 April 1839.on the other side of the Atlantic ocean ,Samuel Morse  independently developed a version of electrical telegraph that we unsuccessfully demonstrated on 2 september.