A satellite ground station is a terrestrial terminal, which normally uses a large
reflector antenna. Ground stations transmit and receive radio waves from
satellites in the super high frequency or extremely high frequency bands. Using
reflector antennas are expensive and require the installation of a complex
mechanical system. Hence, with the development of antenna technology, an
alternative proposed solution is to use the microstrip antenna arrays. Main
advantages of microstrip antenna arrays over large reflectors are the higher
flexibility, lower production and maintenance cost.
In my thesis, an antenna arrays for S-band receivers has been studied, designed,
fabricated and measured. The designed microstrip antenna array meets almost
the requirements for a polar orbiting satellite at Low Earth Orbit (LEO) region.

Next, there is the choice the material for the antenna simulation. FR4-epoxy substrate
with the dielectric constant 4.4 has been chosen as available material. FR4-epoxy
substrate which is 1.6 mm thickness includes two copper sides with 0.035 mm
thickness for each side.

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