Performance of and challenges to Pakistan textile in global free markets.
1.1 Textile:
Textile can be defined as supple spin substance consisting complex of real or synthetic fibers frequently called as yarn. Yarn or thread is formed by weaving fleece, flax, raw cotton, natural and artificial fibers or any other substance to manufacture elongate strands. Textiles are twisted by texture, interweave, crocheting and compressing fibers jointly. There are many raw materials resources by which textile can be made these materials sources are animal, minerals, plants and synthetic. Silk Wool, gets from animal’s cotton, jute, and flax gets from plants glass fiber, asbestos gets from minerals nylon, acrylic, and polyester gets from artificial sources. Few years ago natural resources plants minerals and animals was only source of texture. But in 20th century it is improved by synthetic filament. Products of this sector are commonly useful cloths, surfaces, carpets, covers, window shade, bags, towels, bed sheets table covers etc. are products of daily house life use. The products of textile are also used in industries and public places and sports places like handkerchiefs, flags, nets, balloons and parachute, umbrella, duster, tents, backpacks, sails etc.
1.2 Textile of Pakistan:
Textile industry of Pakistan is a well settled primary and strong industry of Pakistan. Textile is one of big supporting factor for economy of Pakistan. The industry is producing 46 % of total production of the county. It is playing the role of moral fiber in economy of Pakistan. From the beginning time agro biased industry especially textile sector has given a great importance because cotton was the one of big cash crop of Pakistan from the time of independence and still Pakistan has a leading cotton production capacity. Textile industry is the biggest industry in Pakistan. Pakistan’s textile sector is among top 5 texture industries of world and in Asia Pakistan is third biggest spinning capacity. Pakistan is one of top ten textile exporters of the world.
Textile is one of the fundamental human needs. It is not only providing cloth and Foreign exchange but also providing jobs. Raw material is an important factor in development of any industry. If there is a country with cheap raw materials from the immense opportunities of development are often to the appropriate industry. Yarn can be made by wool fiber jute flax and cotton. Pakistan is an agricultural country. Pakistan is currently fourth largest cotton producing country in the world. In terms of standard and quality Pakistan's cotton quality is number second in world ranking after Egypt. The crop grown in BEHAWLPUR is much demanded and a perfect quality cotton of world. That’s why Pakistan has abundance in cotton production. Due to textile industry of Pakistan, the usage of its abundant resource is possible. By making an increment in export of textile sector products Pakistan realize that textile sector of Pakistan is much beneficial and by the developing this sector income can increase more and more.
Later than the partition of Bengal as Bangladesh, Pakistan Cotton Export Corporation was founded. The textile mills bear great looses due to the cotton export controlled by Export Corporation, and to shortage of foreign currency for exchange it was too much tough to import machinery. After nationalization of industry by Pakistan people’s party in 1972 create threatens that any time industry may nationalized by government. In every next government of PPP there was an uncertain situation of investors. The era of 80’s support to this sector Due to a great demand of cotton crop it cause an increase in agriculture production and agricultural development. There was swift development in spinning segment. In 1981 great expand was seen in number of spinning units in 203 spinning mills 4033 thousand spindle with a great working capacity was installed. Machinery used for manufacturing garments was moreover exempted from duty on import. As a result, a huge expansion in the spinning sector took place in the first five years of the 1990s. World requirement in favor of product quality, extensive size fabrics develop and best alternate and a reconstruction procedure started. In addition to these improvements, manufacturing and export worth-other products like bed-sheets and accommodation furnishing was started. Infrastructural changes through the alternate of out of date equipment and upgrading is still sustained in vision of global competition. In Pakistan, textile industry is conquered by Punjab as compare with other provinces
