In 750 Umayyad dynasty was over thrown by Abbasid family in Damascus. Among Umayyads, there was a young man of strong nerves Abdul Rehman who escaped from the clutches of the Abbasid. One day when he was staying in a camp at the bank of Euphrates River, he jumped in to the river seeing Abbasid coming to him to capture him. After great hardship, he reached Palestine and from there, to join his Berber maternal uncles, to North Africa with a friend.

He joined Syrian troops and in a brief period of time, conquered Spain and became its ruler. For the beautification of this country, he built an aqueduct, a palace, gardens and important some exotic plants. He also built a bridge and Cordova Mosque that was later on enlarged by his successors. He also invited intellectual movement that made Spain one of the two center of World culture. He also built number Mosques, palaces like Al-Zahra. In short, Cordova became prosperous from every aspect.

The successors Abdul Rahman_III also did a lot for the progress of Cordova. He built Mosques, book shopes, palaces, paved streets with lights making Cordova one of the most cultured centers in the World. This city had weavers, leather industry, silk, gold, silver etc. New system of agriculture was introduced that produces grapes, rice, apricot, peaches, pomegranate etc.

Abdul Rahman_III`s successor Al-Hakam was himself a scholar and patronized learning. Under him, the university of Cordova gained universal reputation. He built a library of first magnitude for the book-lovers. In short, Cordova achieved such a universal popularity that it came to be called "The Jewel Of The World."